Castleman disease, also known as angiofollicular lymph node hyperplasia or giant lymph node hyperplasia, is an uncommon benign B-cell lymphoproliferative condition. It can affect several regions of the body but is commonly described as a solitary mediastinal mass. There are two distinct subtypes of Castleman disease: unicentric Castleman disease Castleman disease is a rare, benign disorder of the lymph nodes that should be included in the differential diagnosis of anterior mediastinal masses. It is a lymphoproliferative disorder and is also known as angiofollicular lymph node hyperplasia, benign giant lymphoma, giant lymph node hyperplasia, and follicular lymphoreticuloma 1-3.
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Unicentric Castleman disease (UCD) is considered the more common form of Castleman disease and involves one or more enlarged lymph nodes in a single region of the body that demonstrates histopathologic features that have features of Castleman disease. A subset of patients can have systemic symptoms. Location Castleman disease (CD) is a group of rare and complex lymphoproliferative disorders that can manifest in two general forms: unicentric CD (UCD) and multicentric CD (MCD). These two forms differ in clinical manifestation, imaging appearances, treatment options, and prognosis. Castleman disease is a rare disease of lymph nodes and related tissues. It is also known as giant lymph node hyperplasia and angiofollicular lymph node hyperplasia. It was first described by Dr. Benjamin Castleman in the 1950s 1-3. Neck involvement in Castleman disease accounts for approximately 14% of all cases of the disorder 4. Castleman disease is usually diagnosed by exclusion and histopathology, our patient has no history of HIV infection and shows multiple enlarged inguinal and intrabdominal lymph nodes with homogenous enhancement in the post-contrast study, no arborising calcification, the differential diagnosis includes infective, reactive causes, and neoplastic.
Castleman disease Radiology Reference Article Radiology, Disease, Pleural
Castleman disease is a non-neoplastic, non-clonal lymph node hyperplasia which can be idiopathic or associated with HIV, lymphoma, POEMS and other disorders. It commonly presents as avidly-enhancing adenopathy. Most cases (90%) are hyaline vascular, which occurs in younger patients, is unicentric, asymptomatic, and follows a benign course. Castleman disease is a complex lymphoproliferative disease pathologically divided into two subtypes, the hyaline vascular variant (HVV) and the plasma cell variant (PCV). The HVV is the most common, is thought to represent a benign neoplasm of lymph node stromal cells, and is treated with surgical resection. Castleman Disease (CD) is a rare entity that typically presents as an enhancing nodal mass in the mediastinum or head and neck region on computed tomography (CT). It may manifest as unicentric or multicentric regions of lymph node enlargement. Castleman disease (CD) is a rare, nonclonal lymphoproliferative disorder having distinct subtypes depending on its etiology, pathology, and clinical presentation. It can affect lymph nodes of any body region, imitating both benign and malignant malformations, including the neck, chest, abdomen, and pelvis.
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Castleman disease has been associated with the human immunodeficiency virus, lymphoma, POEMS (polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, M protein, and skin changes) syndrome, paraneoplastic pemphigus, and plasma cell dyscrasias. Aggressive forms of Castleman disease with systemic manifestations may occur. Abstract. Castleman disease (CD) describes a group of at least 4 disorders that share a spectrum of characteristic histopathological features but have a wide range of etiologies, presentations, treatments, and outcomes. CD includes unicentric CD (UCD) and multicentric CD (MCD), the latter of which is divided into idiopathic MCD (iMCD), human.
First described in 1954 [], Castleman disease (also known an angiofollicular lymph node hyperplasia and giant lymph node hyperplasia) is a rare, usually benign process of unknown cause, characterized by lymphocyte proliferation.Castleman disease is most frequently described in the radiology and pathology literature as located in the mediastinum but may be found in other anatomic locations. Castleman's disease, also known as angiofollicular or benign giant lymph node hyperplasia, is an uncommon benign lymphoproliferative disorder [ 1 - 3 ]. Pathologically, two major histologic types are recognized: the hyaline-vascular type and the plasma cell type.
Castleman disease. Contrastenhanced chest CT scan shows matted... Download Scientific Diagram
Castleman disease elevated levels of anti-VEGF Minor criteria: organomegaly ( hepatomegaly , splenomegaly , or lymphadenopathy) extravascular volume overload (edema, pleural effusion, or ascites) endocrinopathy (adrenal, thyroid, pituitary, gonadal, parathyroid, or pancreatic) Castleman disease (CD), also known as giant lymph node hyperplasia, lymphoid hamartoma, or angiofollicular lymph node hyperplasia, is a group of uncommon lymphoproliferative disorders that share common lymph node histological features. The disease was first described in a single case in 1954 [ 1 ], followed by a small series of cases in 1956 [ 2 ].
