Depending on the size of the deck itself, whether your joists are spaced either 12 inches or 16 inches from the center, and the framing materials and size of deck boards used, deck joist spans may vary. With this in mind, the joist span can range between 6 ft, 10 inches, to 18 ft. Section R507.5 notes that deck joists can cantilever up to 1/4 of the joist span. But you'll notice when you look at the portion of the span table for joists with cantilevers that the joist span for decks with a cantilever is often less than the span for the same sized joist without cantilevers.
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Some decking materials installed at a 45-degree angle to the run of the joists require the joist spacing to be 12 inches on center. Your joist span will depend on the size of the joists (i.e. 2X8 vs 2x10 vs 2X12). See the below span chart as well as the local codes and guidelines for your jurisdiction. Joist Span: the length of your joist from one end to the other Joist Spacing: the distance between each joist, measured from the center of one joist to the center of the next joist. (This is called on-center spacing). What Is A Deck Joist? 1. Joist Spacing With Composite Decking Every deck board manufacturer puts its decking material through in-depth independent testing to find the right joist spacing. In almost every case, composite decking manufacturers have found that 16-inches on-center is the maximum joist spacing for their boards. Deck joists are generally 6, 8, 10, or 12 inches in width, with 8 or 10 inches as the most common sizes. Deck joists come in dimensional lumber lengths from 8 to 16 feet. As discussed in this article, deck joist span is important for designing decks to support heavy loads. Deck joist spans depend primarily on how much weight the deck will bear.
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Calculate Deck Joist Span and Spacing . Once you know the material, joist size, and you have a plan with the intended size and shape of the deck, you can calculate the desired deck joist span and spacing. Joists are generally spaced either 12 inches or 16 inches on center, though some builds may opt for eight inches or 24 inches on center. decking are assumed. JOIST SIZE The span of a joist, L, is measured from the face of support at one end of the joist to the face of support at the other end of the joist and does not include the length of the overhangs, LO. Use Table 2 to determine allowable joist span, LJ, based on lumber size and joist spacing. Joist span, L, must be less. OVERVIEW Step 1: Check That Your Deck Frame Is Structurally Sound Step 2: Run String Lines to Ensure All Joists Are Level & In Plane Step 3: Make Sure All Joists Are Consistent in Size Step 4: Make Sure Your Joists Are Spaced Correctly Step 5: Install Your Blocking Step 6: Prolong the Health of Your Framing With Joist Tape Tools You'll Need Five basic components make up any deck: decking, joists (also known as a ledger when attached to a house), beams, posts, and footings. To ensure that a deck is safe and strong, local building departments have strict code requirements for these components. Before building a deck, take the time to look up your local codes.
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The joist-span column is divided into three sub-columns by joist spacing: 12, 16, and 24 inches on-center (o.c.). The maximum cantilever column is divided into eight sub-columns by "Joist back span" (that is, joist span) in 2-foot increments from 4 feet to 18 feet. The other factors are oriented into rows. First Step: Select a Wood Species. Select your decking material. Refer to the Decking Span Table to determine what is the maximum distance that your chosen decking can span between joists. For example 2x6 materials can usually span 24" without any noticeable deflection and still support a significant load. However, lumber prices are rising.
However, decking traversing joists at 30°, 45°, or 60° require narrower spacing between the joists, which can also increase the joist span. Live and Dead Loads The amount of weight or load the joists need to support and transfer to load-bearing members greatly influences the joist span. The spacing between the joists is included in the instructions for installing the deck boards. Deck boards that are laid out in a direction that is perpendicular to one another establish the 16-inch spacing between them. If you want to install your deck boards at an angle of 45 degrees to your joists, the distance that should be left between.
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In addition, many residents prefer the fell of a deck that is designed for higher loads. The longer the joist, the more area of deck the joist supports, and thus the beam supports more area as well. Dimensional Lumber Deck Beam Span Chart. Note: The span chart below is an example of how spans charts are presented. The spacing between joists is 12"o.c. or 16"o.c. for composite and 5/4 decking, and up to 24"o.c. for 2×6 deck boards. In this guide, we'll discuss joist sizing, spans, spacing, and factors that affect material selection when framing a deck. We'll also explore how they influence the strength and safety of a deck.
