Logs Calculus Study Guide

Log Cheat Sheet 1 file (s) 484.56 KB Download (PDF) To follow updates or to share feedback, please use any of the links below: Thanks for visiting! A one-page cheat sheet on Logarithm, covering summarized theory and the most important formulas. Free Download (PDF) LOGARITHMIC FUNCTIONS log = y means that x = by where x > 0 , b > 0 , b „ 1 Think: Raise b to the power of y to obtain x. y is the exponent. The key thing to remember about logarithms is that the logarithm is an exponent! The rules of exponents apply to these and make simplifying logarithms easier. Example: log 100 = 2 , since 100 = 2 10 . 10

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1. aman= a+2. ( am)n= amn3. ( ab )m= a b 4. am an = am n, a 6= 0 5. a b m = am bm , b 6= 0 6. am= 1 am , a 6= 0 7. a1n=n p a 8. a0= 1, a 6= 0 9. amn=n p am= n p a m where m and n are integers in properties 7 and 9. Logarithms De nition: y = logax if and only if x = ay, where a > 0. In other words, logarithms are exponents. Logarithm Cheat Sheet These values are accurate to within 1%: e ˇ2:7 ln(2) ˇ0:7 ln(10) ˇ2:3 log 10 (2) ˇ0:3 log 10 (3) ˇ0:48 Some other useful quantities to with 1%: ˇ ˇ 22 p 7 10 ˇˇ p 2 ˇ1:4 p 1=2 ˇ0:7 (ok so technically p 2 is about 1:005% greater than 1:4 and 0:7 is about 1:005% less than p 1=2) 1 1. Introduction In this unit we are going to be looking at logarithms. However, before we can deal with logarithms we need to revise indices. This is because logarithms and indices are closely related, and in order to understand logarithms a good knowledge of indices is required. Rule 1: Product Rule The logarithm of the product is the sum of the logarithms of the factors. Rule 2: Quotient Rule The logarithm of the ratio of two quantities is the logarithm of the numerator minus the logarithm of the denominator. Rule 3: Power Rule The logarithm of an exponential number is the exponent times the logarithm of the base.

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Natural logarithm: a logarithm whose base is Euler's number e. Its notation is y = ln x . The domain of f(x) consists of all positive real numbers. The range of f(x) is the collection of all real numbers. f(x) is a monotonously increasing function. The graph of f(x) goes through the point (1, 0). Math Formulas: Logarithm formulas Logarithm formulas 1. y = log a x ()ay = x (a;x > 0;a 6= 1) 2. log a 1 = 0 3. log a a = 1 4. log a (mn) = log a m+log a n 5. log a m n = log a m log a n 6. log a m n = nlog a m 7. log a m = log b mlog a b 8. log a m = log b m log b a 9. log a b = a log b a 10. log a x = lna lnx 1. Title: Math formulas for. 25) 2(log 2x − log y) − (log 3 + 2log 5) 26) log x ⋅ log 2 -2- ©N N2b0 81h1 U yK fu RtCa 3 jSfo dflt tw ka WrUe7 LCL8C w.e q HAMlXlH OrCiYglh dtpsW Gr6eZs5eTr sv1e 1da. 4 W LM 2a Dd9e 5 7wGi1t fh 7 3IynrfTi wnbi ot cef SAKleg pe8bHrNa1 02 3.T Worksheet by Kuta Software LLC the log of a negative −1 a negative number or the log of 0. does not work since it produces. the solution is: ໶ᘑ = 3 number. Therefore, 2. Simplify by using the Multiplication Property and Definition: log 4 2 + log 4 32 = log 4 = = 3 log. 4 64 (2· 32) 5.

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This gives us two essential properties: the product property of logarithms12, logb(xy) = logbx + logby. and the quotient property of logarithms13, logb(x y) = logbx − logby. In words, the logarithm of a product is equal to the sum of the logarithm of the factors. Similarly, the logarithm of a quotient is equal to the difference of the. Logarithm Problems 1. Expand each expression (use expansion properties to expand as much as possible). a. log 3(xy) Solution: log 3(xy) = log 3(x) + log 3(y) (multiplication rule) b. log x 7 y Solution: log 7 x = log y 7(x) log 7(y) (division rule) c. ln(x5) Solution: ln(x5) = 5 ln(x) The one most basic fact of all about logarithms is that log binverts the function f(x)=bx. Therefore log 1010 x= x, meaning that you can tell something about log 10x just by knowing how many digits x has. If x has n digits then log 10x is between n竏・andn. 2.1 Computation There is an alternative definition of the logarithm that provides a way out of the "chicken and egg" problem: x log(x) = Z 1 dt t 1 and note also that: e n 1 = lim 1 + n→∞ n (a full treatment of the intricacies here is way beyond the present scope; see any good calculus textbook).

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Exponentials and Logarithms Cheat Sheet Exponential functions Functions of the form ( )= , where is a constant, are called exponential functions. You should become familiar with these functions and the shapes of their graphs. For instance, table below shows an example of values for = 2 . -3 1 8 -2 1 4 -1 0 4 3 8 The graph of Section 2 Properties of Logs. Logs have some very useful properties which follow from their de nition and the equivalence of the logarithmic form and exponential form. Some useful properties are as follows: logb mn = logb m + logb n. m. logb. = logb m. logb n. n.